Month: July 2014

Unveiling The Open Source Visualization Engine For Busy Hackers at Black Hat 2014

This year marks the first year in my security career that I get to speak at the Black Hat security conference – and I couldn’t be more excited. On Tuesday, August 6th at 2:15pm local time, I’ll be co-presenting Unveiling The Open Source Visualization Engine For Busy Hackers with Thibault Reuille. Here is the abstract for the talk:

The way a human efficiently digests information varies from person-to-person. Scientific studies have shown that some individuals learn better through the presentation of visual/spatial information compared to simply reading text. Why then do vendors expect customers to consume presented data following only the written word method as opposed to advanced graphical representations of the data? We believe this approach is dated.

To help the neglected visually inclined masses, we decided to create a free and Open Source engine to remove the complexity of creating advanced data visualizations. The ultimate goal of the project was to allow for the visualization of any loosely related data without having to endlessly reformat that data. For the visual/spatial learners, the engine will interpret their own data, whether it be a simple or complex system, and present the results in a way that their brains can understand.

Learning, for visual-spatial learners, takes place all at once, with large chunks of information grasped in intuitive leaps, rather than in the gradual accretion of isolated facts or small steps. For example, a visual-spatial learner can grasp all of the multiplication facts as a related set in a chart much easier and faster than memorizing each fact independently. We believe that some security practitioners might be able to better utilize their respective data sets if provided with an investigative model that their brains can understand.

During this presentation, we will show you how you can take any relational data set, quickly massage the format, and visualize the results. We will also share some observations and conclusions drawn from the results of the visualization that may not have appeared in simple text form. We have used this engine within OpenDNS to track CryptoLocker and CryptoDefense ransomware, Red October malware, and the Kelihos botnet. Additionally, specific Syrian Electronic Army (SEA) campaigns, carding sites, and even a map of the Internet via Autonomous Systems have been visualized using the engine.

Interesting data can also be isolated through the use of Python and JavaScript-based plugins that can be easily added to the engine’s framework. These plugins affect the way the data is visualized and allow analysts to make sense of their data as it relates to the question they’re trying to answer. The “big picture” model will help visually inclined incident responders, security analysts, and malware researchers visually stitch together complex data sets without needing a PhD in math or particle physics.

OpenGraphiti, what we’ve named the tool, will be made available the day of the presentation. Having used it at work (and for play) I can tell you that it’s going to blow your mind. See you in Vegas and I hope to see some of my readers at the talk 🙂

New Tool: web2intel

About

Script to fetch malicious domain and URL lists from sites that publish RSS feeds or raw HTML pages.

Download

To obtain the tool, please visit https://github.com/andrewsmhay/web2intel and download the associated files or simply run the following command at your command prompt:

$ git@github.com:andrewsmhay/web2intel.git

Supported Lists

Usage

./web2intel.rb <option> <extras> 

For command syntax, please visit the GitHub repository.

Example 1 – Domains only

$ ./web2intel.rb --sucuri_iframe
#Title: Sucuri Research Labs Hidden iframes list
#2014-07-20 15:08:14 -0700
....list of domains....

Example 2 – Full URLs

$ ./web2intel.rb --sucuri_iframe --urls
#Title: Sucuri Research Labs Hidden iframes list
#2014-07-20 15:08:42 -0700
....list of URLs....

Support

For any questions, bugs, or concerns, please use the GitHub issue submission system and/or reach out to @andrewsmhay on Twitter.

© Andrew Hay, 2014

Gameover ZeuS Switches From P2P to DGA

Though Operation Tovar succeeded in temporarily cutting communication between Gameover ZeuS (GoZeus) and its command and control infrastructure, it appears now that GoZeus has migrated from using peer-to-peer communications to domain generation algorithms (DGAs).

According to research by our friends over at Malcovery, a “new trojan based heavily on the GameOver Zeus binary…was distributed as the attachment to three spam email templates.” In the report, several domains were identified as being the destination of the infected malware’s communications. The most active of the DGAs was one that we at OpenDNS identified on the day it was registered – cfs50p1je5ljdfs3p7n17odtuw[dot]biz.

ani

As you can see, the traffic to the domain starts off with a small number of queries (10) on Thursday, July 10 at around 15:00 UTC. A larger jump to 884 queries doesn’t happen until Friday, July 11 at around 6:00 UTC. At peak (on Friday, July 11th at 10:00 UTC) we see a spike of 10,042 queries for cfs50p1je5ljdfs3p7n17odtuw[dot]biz.

The domain in question is associated with a number of IP addresses (as seen below) and have a very low TTL.

Screenshot 2014-07-11 08.35.23

Three of the IP addresses have also been identified by OpenDNS Labs over the past week as being malicious. All of the IP addresses associated with the domain are located within the Ukraine.

176.8.154.150
81.163.142.143
31.129.65.152

The name server (NS) associated with the domain is also highly suspicious. The IP range is associated with AS 3462 and is hosted in Taiwan (TW) – quite the distance from the hosting location in the Ukraine. The IP address is also associated with suspicious name servers for a number of Russian (.ru) servers.  A quick scan of some of the other domains hosted by the IP shows a handful of DGAs and Russian (.ru, .su), Kazakhstan (.kz), and Indian (.in) ccTLDs.

ns118.171.163.153

One last nugget of intel is some of the scoring that OpenDNS assigns to the domain, its associated IPs, and related ASNs.

Screenshot 2014-07-11 08.48.23

Hopefully this information has helped you better understand the methodologies employed by GoZeus users. Using OpenDNS Investigate, we were able to derive additional intelligence from our global DNS data and shed some additional light on the communication channels.

All OpenDNS users are already protected against the identified domains in the Malcovery report. Should you have any additional questions, please do not hesitate to reach out to us.

Additional Refernces:

The post Gameover ZeuS Switches From P2P to DGA appeared first on OpenDNS Security Labs.

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